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CLEAVAGE, DISJUNCTIVE A foliation that forms in sedimentary rocks that have been subjected to tectonic differential stress under sub-greenschist facies metamorphic conditions. It is defined by an array of sub parallel fabric elements, called cleavage domains, in which the original rock fabric and composition have been markedly changed by the process of pressure solution.The domains are separated from one another by intervals, called microlithons, in which the original rock is preserved. A spaced disjunctive cleavage is ormed by directed compressive stress that results in pressure solution in which ions diffuse away from sites of dissolution through a fluid film along
grain boundaries. Clays with low solubility start to concentrate in the
solution zone. As shortening and pressure solution occur, the zone of
clays evolves into a zone of incipient cleavage. Grains are preferentially
dissolved perpendicular to sigma1 and clay flakes are rotating normal to
sigma1. Ultimately a clearly defined cleavage domain is visible with
containing few soluble minerals.
Spacing of Cleavage Domains: Depends on the initial clay content and
the strainHigher the clay content the closer the cleavage domains. Higher
the differential stress, the greater the rate of solution. Classification
of Disjunctive Cleavage: Sutured domains Planar domains Wavy domains Anastomosing wavy domains Sutured Domains occur when the clay content of the host rock is low,
resulting in irregular to pitted domain surfaces. Planar, Wavy, or Anastomosing Domains Nonsutured domains can have either straight or wavy boundaries. If wavy
boundaries are closely spaced, the domains may merge and bifurcate to form
anastomosing domains. |